Plant Cell Culture and Applications (Class XII) 5 mark questions

1. (a) Describe vector – mediated and vector-less gene transfer in plants.

            (b) Why is Agrobacterium tumefaciens regarded as nature’s genetic engineer?

2. (i) What is a ‘crown gall’? Name the organism which causes this phenotype in plants.

            (ii) What are the essential steps in regeneration of whole plants using tissue culture techniques? Depict diagrammatically only.

3. What are the use of:

            a. Haploid plants

            b. Triploid plants.

            c. Protoplast Culture

            d. Callus Culture

            e. Artificial Seeds

4. What are the genetic engineering strategies to create the following traits in transgenic crops:

a. Hebicide tolerance

b. Abiotic stress tolerance

c. Insect resistance

d. Virus resistance

e. Disease resistance

5. Write a descriptive account on the methodology of transforming plant with its natural genetic engineer.